شبیه‌سازی عددی جریان آشفته کانال نیم‌موج با سطوح آبدوست و آبگریز
نویسنده
دانشکده مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان
چکیده
چکیده- در بخش نخست، جریان دو بعدی کانال نیم‌موجی در عدد رینولدز 104 و شرایط بدون لغزش (سطح آبدوست) توسط برخی مدل‌های آشفتگی عدد رینولدز پایین و همچنین مدل رینولدز بالای k-ε شبیه‌سازی شده و مدل مناسب آشفتگی (1998 k-ω) معرفی شده است. سپس برای ارزیابی روش حل انتخاب شده و هماهنگی آن با شرط لغزش ناویر (سطح آبگریز)، شبیه‌سازی‌ها در جریان آشفته کانال ساده انجام گرفته و با نتایج سایر محققین مقایسه شده است. درنهایت با درنظر گرفتن مجدد جریان دو بعدی کانال نیم‌موج در عدد رینولدز 104 ، شبیه‌سازی این جریان در مجاورت سطوح آبگریز با طول لغزش‌های مختلف انجام شده است. نتایج حاکی از توانایی قابل توجه این روش در کاهش نیروی پسا است به‌نحوی که به‌ازای طول لغزش 200 میکرومتر کاهش نیروی پسای قابل توجه 38 درصد به‌دست آمده است. به‌علاوه بررسی اثر طول لغزش روی کاهش نیروی پسا نشانگر آن است که با افزایش این پارامتر، نیروی پسای اصطکاکی و فشاری کاهش بیشتری می‌یابد. همچنین برای دست‌یابی به کاهش نیروی پسای قابل توجه در جریان آشفته، نیاز است تا مقدار طول لغزش بی‌بعد از مقدار حداقلی بزرگ‌تر باشد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Numerical Simulation of Turbulent Half-corrugated Channel Flow by Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Surfaces
نویسنده [English]
- M. R. Rastan
In the first part of the present study, a two dimensional half-corrugated channel flow is simulated at Reynolds number of 104, in no-slip condition (hydrophilic surfaces( using various low Reynolds turbulence models as well as standard k-ε model; and an appropriate turbulence model (k-ω 1998 model( is proposed. Then, in order to evaluate the proposed solution method in simulation of flow adjacent to hydrophobic surfaces, turbulent flow is simulated in simple channel and the results are compared with the literature. Finally, two dimensional half-corrugated channel flow at Reynolds number of 104 is simulated again in vicinity of hydrophobic surfaces for varoius slip lengths. The results show that this method is capable of drag reduction in such a way that an increase of 200 μm in slip length leads to a massive drag reduction up to 38%. In addition, to access a significant drag reduction in turbulent flows, the non-dimensionalized slip length should be larger than the minimum.
کلیدواژه‌ها [English]
- Hydrophilic surface
- Hydrophobic surface
- Half-corrugated channel
- Turbulence modeling
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2. Sohankar, A., Khodadadi, M., and Rangraz, E., “Control of Fluid Flow and Heat Transfer Around a Square Cylinder by Uniform Suction and Blowing at Low Reynolds Numbers”, Computers & Fluids, Vol. 109, pp. 155-167, 2015.
3. Nouri, N. M., Yekani Motlagh, S., Navidbakhsh, M., Dalilhaghi, M., and Moltani, A. A., “Bubble Effect on Pressure Drop Reduction in Upward Pipe Flow”, Experimental Thermal and Fluid Science, Vol. 44, pp. 592-598, 2013.
4. Boomsma, A., and Sotiropoulos, F., “Riblet Drag Reduction in Mild Adverse Pressure Gradients: A Numerical Investigation”, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flows, Vol. 56, pp. 251-260, 2015.
5. Fouatih, O. M., Medale, M., Imine, O., and Imine, B., “Design Optimization of the Aerodynamic Passive Flow Control on NACA 4415 Airfoil using Vortex Generators”, European Journal of Mechanics B/Fluids, Vol. 56, pp. 82-96, 2016.
6. Mirzaei, M., Davidson, L., Sohankar, A., and Innings, F., “The Effect of Corrugation on Heat Transfer and Pressure Drop in Channel Flow with Different Prandtl Numbers”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 66, pp. 164-176, 2013.
7. Catalano, P., Wang, M., Iaccarino, G., Sbalzariniz, I. F., and Koumoutsakos, P., “Optimization of Cylinder Flow Control via Actuator with Zero Net Mass Flux”, Proceedings of the Summer Program, Center of Turbulence Research, pp. 297-303, 2002.
8. Ou, J., Perot, B., and Rothstein, J. P., “Laminar Drag Reduction in Microchannels using Ultrahydrophobic Surfaces”, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 16, No. 12, pp. 4635-4643, 2004.
9. Choi, C. H., Johan, K., Westin, A., and Breuer, K. S., “Apparent Slip Flows in Hydrophilic and Hydrophobic Microchannels”, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 15, No. 10, pp. 2897-2902, 2003.
10. Min, T., and Kim, J., “Effects of Hydrophobic Surface on Skin-Friction Drag”, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 16, No. 7, pp. 55-58, 2004.
11. Nouri, M. N., Sekhavat, S., and Mofidi, A., “Drag Reduction in a Turbulent Channel Flow with Hydrophobic Wall”, Journal of Hydrodynamics, Vol. 24, No. 3, pp. 458-466, 2012.
12. Fukagata, K., Kasagi, N., and Koumoutsakos, P., “A Theoretical Prediction of Friction Drag Reduction in Turbulent Flow by Superhydrophobic Surfaces”, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp. 051703-1-8, 2006.
13. Tretheway, D. C., and Meinhart, C. D., “Apparent Fluid Slip at Hydrophobic Microchannel Walls”, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 14, No. 3, pp. 9-12, 2002.
14. Hao, P. F., Wong, C., Yao, Z. H., and Zhu, K. Q., “Laminar Drag Reduction in Hydrophobic Microchannels”, Chemical Engineering and Technology, Vol. 32, No. 6, pp. 912-918, 2009.
15. Jia-peng, Z., Xiang-dang, D., and Xiu-hua, S., “Experimental Research on Friction-Reduction with Superhydrophobic Surfaces”, Journal of Marine Science and Application, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 58-61, 2007.
16. You, D., and Moin, P., “Effects of Hydrophobic Surfaces on the Drag and Lift of a Circular Cylinder”, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 19, No. 8, pp. 081701-1-4, 2007.
17. Nouri, M. N., Saadat bakhsh, M., and Sekhavat, S., “Analysis of Shear Rate Effects on Drag Reduction in Turbulent Channel Flow with Superhydrophobic Wall”, Journal of Hydrodynamics, Vol. 25, No. 6, pp. 944-953, 2013.
18. Jeffs, K., Maynes, D., and Webb, B. W., “Prediction of Turbulent Channel Flow with Superhydrophobic Walls Consisting of Micro-Ribs and Cavities Oriented Parallel to the Flow Direction”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 53, No. 4, pp. 786-796, 2010.
19. Gruncell, B. R. K., Sandham, N. D., and McHale, G., “Simulations of Laminar Flow Past a Superhydrophobic Sphere with Drag Reduction and Separation Delay”, Physics of Fluids, Vol. 25, No. 4, pp. 043601, 2013.
20. Hudson, J. D., Dykhno, L., and Hanratty, T. J., “Turbulence Production in Flow Over a Wavy Wall”, Experiments in Fluids, Vol. 20, pp. 257-265, 1996.
21. Cherukat, Y. N., and Hanratty, T. J., “Direct Numerical Simulation of a Fully Developed Turbulent Flow Over a Wavy Wall”, Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics, Vol. 11, pp. 109-134, 1998.
22. Tseng, Y. H., and Ferziger, J. H., “Large-Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Wavy Boundary Flow Illustration of Vortex Dynamics”, Journal of Turbulence, Vol. 5, pp. 775-789, 2004.
23. Choi, H. S., and Suzuki, K., “Large Eddy Simulation of Turbulent Flow and Heat Transfer in a Channel with One Wavy Wall”, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 26, pp. 681-694, 2005.
24. Dellil, A. Z., Azzi, A., and Jubran, B. A., “Turbulent Flow and Convective Heat Transfer in a Wavy Wall Channel”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 40, pp. 793-799, 2004.
25. Mirzaei, M., Sohankar, A., Davidson, L., and Innings, F., “Large Eddy Simulation of the Flow and Heat Transfer in a Half-Corrugated Channel with Various Wave Amplitudes”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 76, pp. 432-446, 2014.
26. Wilcox, D. C., Turbulence Modeling for CFD, Third Edition, pp. 124-128, DCW Industries Inc., 5354 Palm Drive, La Canada, California 91011, 2006.
27. FLUENT (V 6.4) and GAMBIT (V 2.1.6) User’s Guides, Fluent Inc., Lebanon, New Hampshire, USA, 2007.
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