سازوکار هماهنگی زنجیره‌تأمین باتخفیف‌های زمانی و نسبت پیش‌پرداخت برای کالاهای فسادپذیر با وجود محدودیت بودجه

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشکدگان فارابی، دانشگاه تهران

چکیده

زنجیره‌تأمین یک محصول شامل تمامی سازمان‌ها و شرکت‌هایی است که در فرآیند تهیه، تأمین، تولید، توزیع و تحویل آن محصول به مشتری نقش دارند. یکی از مهم‌ترین ارکان مدیریت زنجیره‌تأمین، هماهنگی این اجزا است. اقلام فسادپذیر که به‌عنوان کالاهایی پرکاربرد شناخته می‌شوند، در پژوهش‌های مربوط به کنترل موجودی جایگاه ویژه‌ای دارند، زیرا این اقلام با گذر زمان ممکن است فاسد، تبخیر یا تخریب شوند و از این طریق ارزش یا مقدار خود را از دست بدهند. بنابراین، تعیین مقدار و زمان سفارش برای این نوع اقلام اهمیت بسیاری دارد. علاوه‌بر این، اعضای زنجیره‌تأمین معمولاً با محدودیت بودجه مواجه هستند و تولیدکننده بخشی از نقدینگی مورد نیاز خود را در ابتدای تولید از طریق دریافت نسبتی از مبلغ کل سفارش تأمین می‌کند. تعیین این نسبت نیز بسیار حائز اهمیت است. در این تحقیق، یک زنجیره‌تأمین دوسطحی شامل یک عمده‌فروش و یک تولیدکننده که کالایی فسادپذیر تولیدمی‌کند، مورد بررسی قرارگرفته است. برای ایجاد هماهنگی و همکاری بلندمدت بین اعضا و حداکثرسازی سود زنجیره‌تأمین، از سازوکار تخفیف استفاده شده‌است. در این سازوکار، یکی از تخفیف‌ها بر اساس زمان سفارش و دیگری بر اساس نسبت پیش‌پرداخت عمل‌می‌کند. در نهایت، یک مثال عددی بررسی‌شده و تحلیل حساسیت بر روی پارامترهای مسئله انجام شده‌است، نتایج نشان‌می‌دهد که با اعمال سازوکار هماهنگی و تعیین مقادیر بهینه برای مقدار سفارش، زمان سفارش و نسبت پیش‌پرداخت، سود اعضا و کل زنجیره‌تأمین در حالت هماهنگ نسبت به حالت ناهماهنگ افزایش یافته‌است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Supply chain coordination mechanism with time- based discounts and prepayment ratio for perishable products under budget constraint

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Farzad Hashemi
  • Babak Javadi
  • Behnaz Aghaabdollahian
Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, College of Farabi, University of Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The supply chain of a product encompasses all organizations and companies involved in the processes of procurement, supply, production, distribution, and delivery of that product to the customer. One of the most critical aspects of supply chain management is the coordination among these elements. Perishable products, which are recognized as widely used items, hold a significant position in inventory control research because these items may deteriorate, evaporate, or degrade over time, leading to a loss of value or quantity. Therefore, determining the order quantity and timing for such products is crucial. Additionally, supply chain members often face budget constraints, and the manufacturer secures part of the required liquidity at the beginning of production by receiving a portion of the total order amount upfront. Determining this portion is also of great importance. In this study, a two-level supply chain, consisting of a wholesaler and a manufacturer producing a perishable product, has been examined. To foster long-term coordination and collaboration among members and to maximize supply chain profit, a discount mechanism has been utilized. This mechanism includes one discount based on order timing and another based on the prepayment ratio. Finally, a numerical example has been analyzed, and sensitivity analysis has been conducted on the problem's parameters. The results demonstrate that by implementing the coordination mechanism and determining the optimal values for order quantity, order timing, and prepayment ratio, the profit of both the members and the entire supply chain increases in the coordinated state compared to the uncoordinated state.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply chain management
  • Coordination
  • Perishable product
  • Discount
  • Prepayment
  • Budget constraint

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