روشهای عددی در مهندسی

روشهای عددی در مهندسی

ارائه مدل بهینه‌سازی استوار برای مسئله زمان‌بندی پروژه با محدودیت منابع

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
نسیم نهاوندی
مژده مرادی
دانشکده مهندسی صنایع و سیستم ها، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران
10.47176/jcme.44.2.1060
چکیده
ﻣﺪﯾﺮﯾﺖ دﻗﯿﻖ ﭘﺮوژهﻫﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺣﻔﻆ ﺷﺮﮐﺖﻫﺎ در ﻋﺮﺻﻪ رﻗﺎﺑﺖ اﻣﺮی ﺿﺮوری اﺳﺖ. مسئله زمان‌بندی پروژه با محدودیت منابع (RCPSP) شامل فعالیت‌هایی می‌شود که باید با توجه به محدودیت‌های اولویت و منابع، برنامه‌ریزی شده و زمان اتمام پروژه به حداقل برسد. این مسئله به طور استاندارد به مسئله شناخته شده در زمینه برنامه‌ریزی پروژه تبدیل شده است و فرمت‌های مختلف RCPSP اولیه توسعه یافته است. از طرفی با توجه به عدم قطعیت ذاتی محیط پروژه که موجب عدم قطعیت در پارامتر‌های زمان و منبع می‌شود. بررسی این‌گونه مسائل با در نظر گرفتن این عدم قطعیت در عین پیچیدگی مسئله ضرورت زیادی دارد. هدف از این تحقیق ارائه‌ی رویکردی برای تخصیص منابع محدود مسئله زمان‌بندی چند پروژه‌ای با عدم قطعیت مدت زمان فعالیت‌های پروژه است. همچنین در فضای این مسئله انتخاب تامین کننده‌ی منابع هم به عنوان اهداف مسئله در نظر گرفته شده است. پس از معرفی مدل استوار مبتنی بر سناریو جواب‌ها با استفاده از الگوریتم فراابتکاری ژنتیک چند‌هدفه مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفته و نتایج  نشان می‌دهد با افزایش هزینه تامین منابع هزینه کل پروژه افزایش می‌یابد. چهار سناریو در مدل تحقیق حاضر در نظر گرفته می‌شود که شامل مازاد نیروی کار و کمبود منابع؛ کمبود نیروی کار و مازاد منابع، افزایش قیمت محصولات پروژه و افزایش هزینه، عدم افزایش قیمت محصولات پروژه و عدم افزایش هزینه است. با افزایش هزینه تامین منابع بیشترین افزایش در سناریوی چهارم رخ می‌دهد. این افزایش صرفا در هزینه نیست و منجر به افزایش زمان پروژه نیز می‌شود از سوی دیگر ریسک شکست تامین کننده می‌تواند بر هزینه و زمان پروژه اثرگذار باشد. با افزایش ریسک شکست تامین کننده هزینه افزایش یافته و بیشترین افزایش در سناریوی یک رخ می‌دهد درحالی که در سناریوی سه کمترین افزایش هزینه به دلیل ریسک شکست تامین کننده رخ می‌دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
زمان‌بندی پروژه با محدودیت منابع
زمان‌بندی چند پروژه‌ای
بهینه‌سازی استوار
الگوریتم ژنتیک
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Robust Optimization Model for Project Scheduling Problem with Resource Constraints

نویسندگان English

Nasim Nahavandi
Mozhdeh Moradi
Industrial Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Accurate management of projects is necessary to keep companies competitive. The resource-constrained project scheduling problem (RCPSP) includes activities that must be planned according to priority and resource constraints, and minimize the project completion time. This has become a well-known standard problem in the field of project planning, and various formats of the initial RCPSP have been developed. On the other hand, due to the inherent uncertainty of the project environment, which causes uncertainty in the time and resource parameters, examining such issues considering this uncertainty at the same time as the complexity of the issue is very necessary. The purpose of this research is to provide an approach for the allocation of limited resources in the multi-project scheduling problem, with the uncertainty of the duration of the project activities. Also, in the space of this problem, the selection of the supplier of resources has been considered as the objectives of the problem. After introducing the stable model based on the scenario, the answers were analyzed using the meta-heuristic algorithm of multi-objective genetic, and the results show that with an increase in the cost of providing resources, the cost of the whole project increases, but this increase is more in the fourth scenario. This increase is not only in the cost, but also leads to an increase in the project time. On the other hand, the risk of supplier failure can affect the cost and time of the project. As the risk of supplier failure increases, the cost increases and the highest increase occurs in scenario 1, while in scenario 3, the lowest cost increase occurs due to the risk of supplier failure.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Project scheduling with limited resources
Multi- project scheduling
Robust optimization
Genetic algorithm
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