روشهای عددی در مهندسی

روشهای عددی در مهندسی

بررسی اثر ساختار مدرج تابعی دوجهته بر رفتار مکانیکی استخوان و عمر خستگی ایمپلنت دندان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
دانشکده‌ مهندسی مکانیک، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران
چکیده
امروزه با توجه به کیفیت و کارایی بالای ایمپلنت‌های دندانی، کاشت ایمپلنت بهترین روش جایگزینی برای دندان‌های ازدست‌رفته به‌شمار می‌رود. با این‌ حال، چالش‌هایی مانند پدیده‌‌ی سپر تنشی می‌تواند بر موفقیت این روش اثرگذار باشد. در این مقاله، با ارائه‌ی تابعی مناسب برای تغییر خواص مکانیکی از تیتانیوم به هیدروکسی‌آپاتیت در پیچ ایمپلنت به تاثیر ساختار مدرج تابعی دوجهته‌ی تیتانیوم-هیدروکسی‌آپاتیت بر خواص مکانیکی و عمر خستگی پیچ ایمپلنت دندانی، با استفاده از شبیه‌سازی اجزای محدود پرداخته شده است. هدف اصلی این مقاله، مقایسه‌ی عملکرد این ساختار با ساختارهای مدرج تابعی تک‌جهته و یکنواخت برای پیچ ایمپلنت، به‌منظور کاهش پدیده‌ی سپر تنشی و بررسی عمر خستگی آن است. به دلیل تمرکز پژوهش تنها بر پیچ ایمپلنت، برخی فرض‌های ساده‌کننده، مانند در نظر گرفتن رفتار کشسان خطی و همسان‌گرد برای استخوان فک، به‌کار گرفته شده‌اند. در شبیه‌سازی‌ها، با چشم‌پوشی از اثر دندان‌های کناری پیچ ایمپلنت و اباتمنت به‌صورت یکپارچه و تاج سرامیکی با هندسه‌ی ساده‌شده و به‌صورت صلب مدل شده‌اند. هندسه‌ی مقطع استخوان نیز برگرفته از بخشی از فک پایین که دندان‌های آسیاب قرار دارند، برگزیده شده است. نتایج نشان می‌دهند که ساختار مدرج تابعی دوجهته می‌تواند اثر پدیده‌ی‌ سپر تنشی را کاهش دهد. افزون بر این، نسبت به ایمپلنت با ساختار مدرج تابعی تک‌جهته، جابه‌جایی‌ها در استخوان فک کاهش یافته، از آسیب رسیدن به دندان‌های کناری و استخوان فک در درازمدت، جلوگیری می‌شود. ساختار مدرج تابعی دوجهته همچنین، شرط عمر نامحدود را نیز برآورده می‌کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
موضوعات

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating the Effect of Bidirectional Functionally Graded Structure on the Mechanical Behavior of Bone and Fatigue Life of Dental Implants

نویسندگان English

Ali Rezamand
Mehdi Salmani Tehrani
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran.
چکیده English

Nowadays, due to high quality and efficiency of dental implants, implantation is considered as the best method for replacing the missing teeth. However, some challenges such as the stress-shielding phenomenon can affect the successfulness of this approach. In this research, the effect of a bidirectional functionally graded titanium-hydroxyapatite structure on the mechanical properties and fatigue life of a dental implant screw, by providing a suitable function for changing the mechanical properties from titanium to hydroxyapatite in the implant screw, was investigated using the finite element simulation. The aim of this study is to compare the performance of the bidirectional functionally graded implant screw with unidirectional functionally graded and titanium implant screws, to reduce the stress-shielding phenomenon and evaluate its fatigue life. Some simplifying assumptions such as isotropic linear elastic behavior for the jawbone were employed. The implant screw and the abutment were modeled as an integrated unit. A rigid ceramic crown with simplified geometry was modeled tied to the abutment. For modeling the jawbone geometry, the section of the lower jaw in the molar teeth area was adopted. The influence of adjacent teeth was ignored, and a single tooth was modeled within the jawbone. The results indicate that the bidirectional functionally graded structure for the screw may reduce the stress-shielding effect. Moreover, compared to the unidirectional functionally graded case, the displacements experienced by the jawbone decrease and hence, prevent damaging the adjacent teeth and jawbone. It is worth mentioning that the proposed bidirectional functionally graded screw satisfy the infinite fatigue life condition, as it should be.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Dental Implant
Bidirectional Functionally Graded Structure
Titanium-Hydroxyapatite
Fatigue Life
Finite Element Simulation
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